Green synthesis of spinel copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) nanoparticles and their toxicity

Abstract In this study, magnetic spinel copper ferrite (CuFe 2 O 4 ) nanostructures were eco-friendly synthesized using Nasturtium officinale extract. Physicochemical properties of these determined by transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry, and energy dispersive mapping analysis. XRD patterns conform to the CuFe formation. SEM results demonstrated ceramic with spherical surface morphologies. The cytotoxicity effect against rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells was evaluated based on MTT assay. had low toxicity at a concentration 250 µg/mL. It appears that can be considered as suitable candidates for drug delivery other biomedical applications, because their effects.